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A mare or nightmare (; ; ; (ドイツ語:Nachtmahr); (ギリシア語:Μόρα); ; (ロシア語:Мара)) is an evil spirit or goblin in Germanic folklore which rides on people's chests while they sleep, bringing on bad dreams (or "nightmares").〔Bjorvand and Lindeman (2007), pp. 719–720.〕 The mare is often similar to the mythical creatures succubus and incubus. == Etymology == The word "mare" comes (through Middle English ''mare'') from Old English ''mære'', ''mare'', or ''mere'', all feminine nouns. These in turn come from Common Germanic '' *marōn''. '' *Marōn'' is the source of , from which are derived (スウェーデン語:mara); (アイスランド語:mara); (フェロー語:marra); (デンマーク語:mare); (ノルウェー語:mare)''/mara'', Dutch: ()', and German: (''ドイツ語:Nacht'')''ドイツ語:mahr''. The ''-mar'' in French ''cauchemar'' ("nightmare") is borrowed from the Germanic through Old French ''mare''.〔 The word may ultimately be traced back to the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European root '' *mer-'', "to rub away" or "to harm".〔"(mer- )" in Pickett et al. (2000). Retrieved on 2008-11-22.〕 Hungarian folklorist Éva Pócs endorses an alternate etymology, tracing the core term back to the Greek (Indo-European *''moros''), meaning "death".〔Devereux (2001), ''Haunted Land'', p.78〕〔.〕 In Norwegian and Danish, the words for "nightmare" are ''mareritt'' and ''mareridt'' respectively, which can be directly translated as "mare-ride". The Icelandic word ''martröð'' has the same meaning (-''tröð'' from the verb ''troða'', "trample", "stamp on", related to "tread"), whereas the Swedish ''mardröm'' translates as "mare-dream". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mare (folklore)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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